Guinea is a country in West Africa, bordering Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone and Liberia, with the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The population of this country is approx 1,32,37,000 with 2,45,857 square kilometers area. 89% follow Islam, official language is French. Ethnographically there are many communities - Fula, Mandinka, Susu, Kpelle, Kissi; And neither is the majority.
Political parties will always be national in character. Shall not be based on race, ethnicity, religion or region. If someone spreads false propaganda on the basis of caste, ethnicity, religion, or regionalism, the law ensures punishment. All are equal under the law, no one is privileged or discriminated against. Everyone has the right to health and physical well-being. It is the responsibility of the state to promote them, fight against epidemics and social disasters.
A provision of the constitution is that all presidential candidates must be medically examined. It is apparently beautiful, the purpose is to make the President work. However, in reality, this provision can create a context for many eligible candidates to be excluded by conspiracy before participating in the elections.
The President is not able to directly address the Parliament or participate in the debate. It is not compatible with democracy.
Admirable Articles of Guinea's Constitution
Article 3 (Part of it)
The political parties participate in the political education of the citizens, in the animation of the political life and in the expression of the suffrage. Only they present the candidates to the national elections.
They must be implanted on the whole of the national territory. They must not identify themselves to a race, an ethnicity, a religion or a region.
Article 4
The law punishes whoever by an act of racial, ethnic, religious discrimination, by an act of regionalist propaganda, or by any other act, infringes the national unity, the security of the State, the integrity of the territory of the Republic or the democratic functioning of the institutions.
Article 8
All human beings are equal before the law. Men and women have the same rights.
No one may be privileged or disadvantaged by virtue of their sex, of their birth, of their race, of their ethnicity, of their language, of their beliefs and of their political, philosophical or religious opinions.
Article 10 (Part of it)
All citizens have the right of demonstration and of procession.
All citizens have the right to form associations and societies to exercise collectively their rights and their political, economic, social or cultural activities.
Article 15
Each one has the right to health and to the physical well-being. The State has the duty to promote them, to fight against the epidemics and the social calamities.
Article 16
Every person has the right to a healthy and lasting environment and the duty to defend it. The State sees to the protection of the environment.
Article 17
The transit, the importation, the storage, the dumping on the national territory of toxic waste or pollutants, and all agreements relative to the matter constitute a crime against the Nation. The applicable sanctions are specified by the law.
Article 18
Marriage and family, which constitute the natural foundation of life in society, are protected and promoted by the State. Parents have the right and duty to assure the education and the physique and moral health of their children. Children owe care and assistance to their parents.
Article 25 (Part of it)
The State has the duty to assure the diffusion and the teaching of the Constitution, of the Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man of 1948, of the African Charter of the Rights of Man and of Peoples of 1981 as well as of all international instruments duly ratified relative to Human Rights.
Article 26
Whoever occupies a public office or exercises a public function is accountable for their activity and must respect the principle of neutrality of the public service. They must not use their functions for other ends than the interest of all.
Article 29
All candidates to the Presidency of the Republic must be of Guinean nationality, enjoying their civil and political rights, in a state of good health certified by a College of sworn Doctors designated by the Constitutional Court and thirty-five years old at least.
The candidatures are presented at the Greffe [Registry] of the Constitutional Court forty days at least and sixty days at most before the date of the ballot. No candidature is receivable if it is not presented by a legally constituted political party.
Each party may only present one sole candidacy.
Thirty-nine days before the ballot, the Constitutional Court orders and publishes the list of the candidates. The electors are then convoked by decree.
Article 75
The National Assembly votes the budget in equilibrium. It is referred to [the matter] of the bill of the Law of Finance by the Government no later than 15 October.
The Law of Finance is voted no later than 31 December.
If on the date of 31 December, the budget is not voted, the provisions of the bill of the Law of Finance may be brought into force by Ordinance.
The Government refers [the matter] for ratification to the National Assembly convoked in extraordinary session within a time period of fifteen days.
If the National Assembly has not voted the budget at the end of the extraordinary session, the budget is definitively established by Ordinance.
Facts of Guinea's Constitution
Article 50
The President of the Republic pronounces one time per year before the National Assembly a message on the state of the Nation. He may also at any moment address messages to the Nation and to the National Assembly.
He does not participate in the debates of the National Assembly.
When he addresses a message to the National Assembly, the message is read by a Minister.
