Sweden is a European country located on the shores of the Baltic Sea, and Gulf of Bothnia, sharing a border with Norway, and Finland. The population of this country is approx 1,05,88,000 with 4,50,295 square kilometers area. The official language is Swedish, as well as there are several minority languages at the national level. Almost everyone knows English well. About 51% of Swedish follow the ‘Church of Sweden’, about 30% did not mention their religion, and 8% believe in different religions.
The Swedish constitution is not a "single document" like most countries in the world. It is not well-written, nor is it even organized. Their constitution has four main documents. One of them is "The Freedom of the Press Act". And freedom of information, speech, and the media could be mentioned in a few paragraphs, but novels have been written there. Not only this law, but also the "The Fundamental Law on Freedom of Expression" law has many provisions on freedom of information, speech, and the media. Those who wrote the Swedish constitution are not mentally healthy. They have not read the constitutions of any other countries in the world.
Admirable Articles of Sweden's Constitution
The Instrument of Government
Chapter 1. Basic principles of the form of government
Art 1
All public power in Sweden proceeds from the people.
Swedish democracy is founded on the free formation of opinion and on universal and equal suffrage. It is realised through a representative and parliamentary form of government and through local self-government.
Public power is exercised under the law.
Chapter 2. Fundamental rights and freedoms
Part 1. Freedom of opinion
Art 1 (Part of it)
Everyone shall be guaranteed the following rights and freedoms in his or her relations with the public institutions:
● freedom of expression: that is, the freedom to communicate information and express thoughts, opinions and sentiments, whether orally, pictorially, in writing, or in any other way;
● freedom of information: that is, the freedom to procure and receive information and otherwise acquaint oneself with the utterances of others;
● freedom of assembly: that is, the freedom to organise or attend meetings for the purposes of information or the expression of opinion or for any other similar purpose, or for the purpose of presenting artistic work;
● freedom to demonstrate: that is, the freedom to organise or take part in demonstrations in a public place;
● freedom of association: that is, the freedom to associate with others for public or private purposes; and
● freedom of worship: that is, the freedom to practise one's religion alone or in the company of others.
Part 6. Copyright
Art 16
Authors, artists and photographers shall own the rights to their works in accordance with rules laid down in law.
Part 8. Education and research
Art 18
All children covered by compulsory schooling shall be entitled to a free basic education in the public education system. The public institutions shall be responsible also for the provision of higher education.
The freedom of research is protected according to rules laid down in law.
Facts of Sweden's Constitution
The Instrument of Government
Chapter 1. Basic principles of the form of government
Art 5
The King or Queen who occupies the throne of Sweden in accordance with the Act of Succession shall be the Head of State.
Chapter 5. The Head of State
Art 1
Chapter 1, Article 5 states that the King or Queen who occupies the throne of Sweden in accordance with the Act of Succession is the Head of State.
Art 2
Only a person who is a Swedish citizen and who has reached the age of eighteen may serve as Head of State. The Head of State may not at the same time be a minister, hold the office of Speaker or serve as a member of the Riksdag.
Art 3
The Head of State shall be kept informed by the Prime Minister concerning the affairs of the Realm. The Government convenes as Council of State under the chairmanship of the Head of State when required.
The Head of State shall consult the Prime Minister before undertaking travel abroad.
Art 4
If the King or Queen who is Head of State is not in a position to perform his or her duties, the member of the Royal House in line under the order of succession and able to do so shall assume and perform the duties of Head of State in the capacity of Regent ad interim.
Art 5
Should the Royal House become extinct, the Riksdag elects a Regent to perform the duties of Head of State until further notice. The Riksdag elects a Deputy Regent at the same time.
The same applies if the King or Queen who is Head of State dies or abdicates and the heir to the throne has not yet reached the age of eighteen.
Art 6
If the King or Queen who is Head of State has been prevented for six consecutive months from performing his or her duties, or has failed to perform his or her duties, the Government shall notify the matter to the Riksdag. The Riksdag decides whether the King or Queen shall be deemed to have abdicated.
Art 7
The Riksdag may elect a person to serve as Regent ad interim under a Government order when no one competent under Article 4 or 5 is in a position to serve.
The Speaker, or, in his or her absence, one of the Deputy Speakers, serves as Regent ad interim under a Government order when no other competent person is in a position to serve.
Art 8
The King or Queen who is Head of State cannot be prosecuted for his or her actions. Nor can a Regent be prosecuted for his or her actions as Head of State.
The Act of Succession
We CARL, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths, and the Wends, &c., &c., &c., Heir to Norway, Duke of Schleswig Holstein, Stormarn and Ditmarsen, Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst, &c., &c., hereby make known that We, after the unanimous acceptance and confirmation by the Estates of the Realm of the Act of Succession according to which the male heirs begotten by His Noble-Born Highness, the elected Crown Prince of Sweden, His Royal Highness Prince JOHAN BAPTIST JULIUS shall have the right to the throne of Sweden and to accede to the government of Sweden, and after the submission of this fundamental law for Our gracious approval, by virtue of the right accruing to Us according to Article 85 of the Instrument of Government, adopt, accept and confirm this Act of Succession approved by the Estates of the Realm exactly as follows word for word: Act of Succession
according to which the male heirs begotten by His Noble-Born Highness, the elected Crown Prince of Sweden, His Royal Highness Prince JOHAN BAPTIST JULIUS of Ponte-Corvo, shall have the right to the Royal throne of Sweden and to accede to the government of Sweden; adopted and confirmed by the King and the Estates of the Realm at the extraordinary session of the Riksdag in Örebro on September 26, 1810.
We, the undersigned Estates of the Realm of Sweden, counts, barons, bishops, knights, and nobility, clergy, burghers and peasants, now convened in extraordinary general session of the Riksdag here in Örebro, hereby make known that, with the decease, without male heirs begotten by him, of His Noble-Born Highness, the elected Crown Prince of Sweden, His Royal Highness Prince CARL AUGUST, and by our choice, as evidenced by the Act of Agreement and Election of August 21, 1810, of His Noble-Born Highness, Prince JOHAN BAPTIST JULIUS of Ponte-Corvo, as Crown Prince of Sweden, to succeed to the government of Sweden and its subordinate provinces His Royal Majesty, our present most gracious King and Lord, Carl XIII, after his death (be it long deferred by the Grace of God Almighty) to be crowned and hailed as King of Sweden, and to govern the Realm, on the conditions specified in the above named Act of Agreement and Election as well as in the Royal oath to be made, as required by us, by His Noble-Born Highness, we have this day determined and confirmed for the legitimate direct male heirs of His Royal Highness JOHAN BAPTIST JULIUS, Prince of Ponte-Corvo, the following order of succession to the crown and government of Sweden, applicable in the manner and on the conditions expressly set forth below.
Art 1
The right of succession to the throne of Sweden is vested in the male and female descendants of King Carl XVI Gustaf, Crown Prince Johan Baptist Julii, later King Karl XIV Johan's, issue in direct line of descent. In this connection, older siblings and their descendants have precedence over younger siblings and their descendants.
Art 2
The provisions of this Act of Succession relating to The King shall relate to The Queen if The Queen is Head of State.
Art 5
A prince or princess of the Royal House may not marry unless the Government has given its consent thereto upon an application from The King. Should a prince or princess marry without such consent, that prince or princess forfeits the right of succession for himself, his children and their descendants.
